Ionospheric temporal and spatial variations during the 18 August 2003 storm over China

Impact of spatial-temporal variations of climatic variables on summer maize yield in North China Plain

Summer maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the dominant crops in the North China Plain (NCP). Its growth is greatly influenced by the spatial-temporal variation of climatic variables, especially solar radiation, temperature and rainfall. The WOFOST (version 7.1) model was applied to evaluate the impact of climatic variability on summer maize yields using historical meteorological data from 1961 to 20...

GPS observations of the ionospheric F2-layer behavior during the 20th November 2003 geomagnetic storm over South Korea

The ionospheric F2-layer peak density (NmF2) and its height (hmF2) are of great influence on the shape of the ionospheric electron density profile Ne (h) and may be indicative of other physical processes within the ionosphere, especially those due to geomagnetic storms. Such parameters are often estimated using models such as the semiempirical international reference ionosphere (IRI) models or ...

Effects of solar wind dynamic pressure on the ionospheric O fluence during the 31 August 2005 storm

[1] The Multifluid‐Lyon‐Fedder‐Mobarry (MFLFM) global simulation model incorporating an ionospheric cusp O outflow model based on an empirical relation between downward DC Poynting flux and O outflow flux regulated by the precipitating electron number flux (Fen) is used to simulate the 31 August 2005 storm. A baseline run incorporating the original solar wind data is contrasted against a case w...

Tomographic reconstruction of ionospheric electron density during the storm of 5-6 August 2011 using multi-source data

The insufficiency of data is the essential reason for ill-posed problem existed in computerized ionospheric tomography (CIT) technique. Therefore, the method of integrating multi-source data is proposed. Currently, the multiple satellite navigation systems and various ionospheric observing instruments provide abundant data which can be employed to reconstruct ionospheric electron density (IED)....

Temporal and spatial distribution of extreme precipitation indices over the lake Urmia Basin, Iran